Provider: Moravian Museum, Brno, Czech Republic TY - JOUR JO - Anthropologie (Brno) TI - A CASE OF LYTIC METASTASES OF A CARCINOMA FROM THE OSSUARY AT HALLSTATT (UPPER AUSTRIA) AU - Schamall D AU - Plenck H Jr. AU - Teschle-Nicola M Y1 - 2018 VL - 56 IS - 3 PB - Moravian Museum, Brno, Czech Republic SN - 0323-1119 SP - 143 EP - 162 KW - Metastatic carcinoma – Cranium – Hallstatt charnel house – Austria – Modern times – Differential diagnosis by CT and SEM N2 - N2 - A cranium of a mature male (45–55 years) from a charnel house in Hallstatt, Upper Austria (set up in the 12th century and in use until modern times) exhibits multiple perforations that were most probably caused by a malignant tumour. The lesions vary between 44 and 4 millimetres in diameter and concern nearly all parts of the cranium (frontal, parietal, and occipital bone, maxilla), hereby pertaining to all cranial layers to a different degree. Osteolytic changes accompanied by some sclerotic bone formations are indicative of an active as well as chronic process at the time of death of the individual. Differential diagnosis was carried out by macroscopic inspection, the use of conventional radiography, computed tomography and scanning electron microscopy in the secondary electron- and backscattered electron-mode. Pathology-mimicking effects, diagenetic, and taphonomic damage as causative processes can be excluded. The same applies for various infectious diseases (mycotic, bacterial, tuberculous conditions) as well as several tumorous forms (Langerhans-cell histiocytosis, bone angioma, medullary plasmocytoma). The palaeopathological and clinical diagnostical criteria used suggest a secondary carcinoma. ER -