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ACTA MUSEI MORAVIAE - SCIENTIAE SOCIALES 93/2008
ABSTRACT
Martin Oliva - MZM Anthropos
Without question, woodland Krumlovský les is the most important region concerning the extraction of lithic raw materials in our Palaeolithic. The stratified sites investigated during the past three decades have confirmed the presence of several different Middle Palaeolithic cultures and the considerable age of the local Szeletian. On the other hand, no evidence has been obtained of the presumed higher age of the Aurignacian localities. No traces of the Gravettian nor the Magdalenian have been found in the region. Small Epigravettian or Final Palaeolithic assemblages are mostly based on the use of imported raw materials therefore in that period the local outcrops were no longer exploited. The Krumlovský les cherts were far more widespread during the Szeletian compare to the Aurignacian though the major Aurignacian sites exhibit far more specialised production (large and regular blades). Moreover the Szeletian shows frequently greater amount of imported raw material. The extent of settlement described in the paper is considerably affected by the forestation of higher elevations, where mainly the Szeletian as well as although less frequently Middle Palaeolithic localities occur.
KEY WORDS: Middle Palaeolithic, Szeletian, Aurignacian, Jurassic chert, Lithic exploitation area, Mesolithic extraction, Workshops, Krumlovský les, Southern Moravia, Czech Republic
ABSTRACT
Zdeňka Nerudová - MZM Anthropos
The research of Palaeolithic station Moravský Krumlov IV done in 2000–2004 (NERUDA – NERUDOVÁ; in press) could hardly cover the complex surface extent of the investigated site. Considering this fact, we examined not only two main excavated areas but we also tested the extent of the Palaeolithic settlement by surface artefact survey and by system of probes.
KEY WORDS: Czech Republic – Krumlovský les – Palaeolithic – reconstruction of a settlement area
ABSTRACT
Ondřej Mlejnek - FF MU
An assemblage of Paleolithic stone artifacts numbering 343 pieces was collected by an amateur archaeologist Jan Šrot. This paper presents an analysis of these artifacts. The artifacts originate from 7 open-air sites. Sites Určice, Seloutky, Slatinice and Čechovice are very similar to each other and can be classified as Aurignacian (“Epiaurignacian”) with burins as the most common tool type. Sites Vincencov and Ondratice significantly differ from the four above-mentioned sites and both can be classified as Szeletian (Ondratice quartzites have greater affinities with the Bohunician industry). An isolated artifact was found at Ohrozim-Horka.
KEY WORDS: Moravia – Prostějov area – surface collections – Upper Paleolithic – Aurignacian – Szeletian
ABSTRACT
Sibylle Wolf - Institut für Ur- und Frühgeschichte, Tübingen
The following article describes a small figurine (“venus”-type) currently under examination. It is part of the collections of the RGZM in Mainz. It was supposedly found in Dolni Vestonice/Moravia and was therefore categorized together with other figurines from this site and named “Venus III”. The position of the head, with the face turned to the right side, and the base of the figurine are remarkable. Based on the results of the analyses presented below, Venus III appears to be an original find from Dolní Věstonice.
KEY WORDS: Gravettian, Pavlovian, Dolní Věstonice, Moravia, Venus III, true or false
ABSTRACT
Karel Valoch - MZM Anthropos
The quantity of art objects coming from the Pavlovian site Dolní Věstonice I does not exclude that the three curious anthropomorphic sculptures (Venus DV II, III and a "portrait", published by A. Marshack) could have been created on local sites and discovered later under obscure circumstances. Actually, all the three statuettes seem to have a common style and technical characteristics, so that they have to be considered together, be they fakes or originals. The one or the other alternative will probably never be positively proved or definitely denied.
KEY WORDS: Pavlovian – Dolní Věstonice – Human figurines – ivory – True or false
ABSTRACT
Luděk Galuška - MZM - Archeologický ústav
Since the year 1981 till today in the archaeological literature it has been presented that the settlement on the St. George’ River Island, which is in the historical centre of the Uherské Hradiště town, was the core – castle of the whole Great Moravian settlement – Veligrad – in the places of the present Staré Město-Uherské Hradiště agglomeration. One of significant sources of this hypothesis is the fact that the island was on its periphery fortified by three different ramparts, regarding their types. The aim of this study is to give a critical report whether the fortification of the St. George’ River Island really existed in the 8th–9th centuries
KEY WORDS: Great Moravia – agglomeration Staré Město-Uherské Hradiště – fortification – rampart – palisade – earth and timber structure
ABSTRACT
Zdeňka Měchurová - MZM Brno
The flat pan, in principle a flat ceramic plate with feet and provided by several rows of plastic comb lines, is not
a very common find as the archaeological artefact. The find comes from Velké Němčice, district Břeclav.
Analogies are known from ethnographic material as well as from the archaeological collections of the City
Museum Brno. In the assemblege from Němčice, more fragments of modern ceramics have been found (feet of
tripods, black mica ceramics, fragmented tiles).
Ethnographic analogies indicated the function of the object and told much about meals that had been prepared
on it. The object appear to be related to the early modern times – 19th century, though it seems natural that such
a rustic cooking dish surely has medieval roots. As a flat pan for baking pancakes made of thick dough it could
have been used on a primitive open fire of the medieval black kitchen as well as it lately could be used on the
hob or in the oven of a modern stove.
KEYWORDS: folk ceramics, flat pan, postmedieval archaeology
ABSTRACT
Hana Kraflová - HISTORICKÉ ODDĚLENÍ – PRACOVIŠTĚ DĚJIN LITERATURY MZM
In 1924, the newspaper Lidové noviny was the leading daily newspaper in the fledgling Czechoslovak Republic. At that time, Kurýr, an evening tabloid of the Stránský family Syndicate, focused more on commercial aspects and covering criminal issues in particular, was founded. However, Lidové noviny was published twice a day – the new paper thereby competed with the afternoon issue. Its contributors were unable to speak tabloid language. In 1926, Václav David introduced his popular humour to the new paper Československý kurýr. The paper now contained a humorous Sunday supplement, Houpačka. Yet this enterprise was also unprofitable and publication of the paper ended after two months.
KEY WORDS: Brno – the 1920s of the 20th century – Journalism