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ACTA MUSEI MORAVIAE - SCIENTIAE SOCIALES 94/2009
ABSTRACT
KAREL VALOCH - MZM – ÚSTAV ANTHROPOS
Magdalenian in Moravia – 50 years after. The author refers to his former works on the Magdalenian in Moravia and brings a new overview of knowledge on this most recent Palaeolithic culture. The Magdalenian in Moravia is concentrated mostly in caves of the Moravian Karst; aside from that one could investigate 2 open-air sites (Loštice and Mokrá), and at two large finding places the artefacts had been gathered up only on the surface. Uncalibrated radiocarbon dates from the sites in the Moravian Karst place our Magdalenian into the period between 14,000 BP and 11,000 BP With regard to stratigraphy it is situated in the most recent, maybe redeposited loess. The fauna is cold, including reindeer, horse, hare a. o. Typological differences occur between voluminous assemblages of lithic artefacts. Antler and bone industry is abundant only in the Pekárna Cave. Here occurred three harpoons, perforated antler artefacts, needles and a larger number of points, while in the other caves only isolated objects. The art, too, is represented mainly at Pekárna (engravings of animals on bones and antlers, female sculpture of mammoth ivory), a bone statuette comes from the Rytířská Cave. Ornamental and exceptionally also female engravings on schist pebbles could be found in Pekárna and Býčí skála caves. In Moravia emerged the easternmost rich Magdalenian centre in Europe.
KEY WORDS: Moravia, Magdalenian, lithic and antler industry, art
ABSTRACT
PETR NERUDA1, ZDEŇKA NERUDOVÁ1, VĚRA ČULÍKOVÁ2
1 MORAVSKÉ ZEMSKÉ MUZEUM – ANTHROPOS, BRNO
2 ARCHEOLOGICKÝ ÚSTAV AVČR PRAHA, POBOČKA OPAVA
The latest excavation of open-air site of Loštice I - Kozí vrch has been done in 2008. Its main goal was the uncovering of the concentration 2 found in 2007 and interpretation of the greywacke accumulation in the concentration 1. New culturaly significant tools have been collected and they have confirmed clasification of the assemblage to the Magdalenian period. Probes in the surrounding of site shown the rest of originally bigger site was preserved and excavated, and therefore other concentrations are not rather supposed.
KEY WORDS: Czech Republic, Upper Morava River region, Magdalenian open-air site
ABSTRACT
MARTIN KUČA1 – MILAN VOKÁČ2 – MIRIAM NÝVLTOVÁ FIŠÁKOVÁ3
1FF MU, 2MV JIHLAVA, 3ARÚ BRNO
This article presents the Moravian Painted Ware Culture site of Šebkovice on the Czech-Moravian Highland. Although the main aim is the analysis of stratified collection excavated in 2007, the most important finds from the surface collection are included in analysis. The well excavated and wet-sieved sunken settlement feature yielded a collection of earlier Moravian Painted Ware Culture pottery fragments supplemented by a collection of stone industry, both chipped, polished, and osteological material. The charcoal sample from filling of settlement sunken feature yielded an absolute date, which allows a comparison with other sites from the same time-span within the Middle Danube Region.
KEY WORDS: Neolithic – Lengyel Culture – Pottery – Stone industry – Animal bones – Absolute chronology
ABSTRACT
JIŘÍ JUCHELKA
ARCHEOLOGICKÝ ÚSTAV AV ČR V BRNĚ, V. V. I.
An extensive archaeological research led by Institute of Archeology of the Academy of Science of the Czech republic, Brno, brought us new information about Eneolithic burials in the Czech Silesia. The grave was discovered on the area of Malé Hoštice dating to the II/III. period of the Upper-Silesian Lengyel group. Another very interesting grave, dated to the Bell beaker Culture, was discovered in Opava-Kateřinky. A finding of 42 graves of the Chlopice-Veselé group is also very important, because we haven’t have any finding of the settlement of this group in the region of the Czech Silesia.
KEY WORDS: Czech Silesia, Upper-Silesian Lengyel group, Bell beaker Culture, Chłopice – Veselé group.
ABSTRACT
TOMÁŠ ZEMAN
NÁRODNÍ PAMÁTKOVÝ ÚSTAV, ÚZEMNÍ ODBORNÉ PRACOVIŠTĚ V BRNĚ
The paper is focused on the evaluation of an older unpublished rescue excavation performed by H. Freising at Lysice in 1940, in connection with the construction of the Reichsautobahn from Vienna to Wrocław. The section of a Germanic settlement with interesting pottery finds can be dated to the Late Roman Period. In the second part of the work, this settlement is set into a broader context of Germanic settlement evidences along the middle reaches of the Svitava River during the 4th century. Basing on small rescue actions and surface gatherings, this region may be characterized as a specialized iron working area with its centre at Sudice, and with other important settlements at Bořitov and Skalice nad Svitavou.
KEY WORDS: Region of Svitava river, Suebs settlement, Late Roman Period, Ceramics.
ABSTRACT
ZDEŇKA MĚCHUROVÁ
AÚ MZM
Third and fourth item found in Moravia originated from archaeological excavations broadens the Europe-wide collection of great art-historical value. This collection contains sumptuous crossbow arrows decorated with vegetal ornaments, lily, crown and ostrich feather symbols in combination with Czech inscriptions (marya, maryapano, mamyla, etc.) and individual letters of gothic minuscule (a, v, r, s, t, i, y etc.). The collection is dated to the 15th century (2nd half) and even if it is split in several European museums (and the most decorative piece – the spear point three times bigger than the others – in the Metropolitan Museum in New York) it probably originates from the Czech environment, maybe from one single workshop at the Prague Castle.
KEY WORDS: Kroměříž, Moravia, 15th century, decorated crossbow arrow, gothic script, vegetal ornament
ABSTRACT
JAROSLAV BLECHA
ODDĚLENÍ DĚJIN DIVADLA MORAVSKÉHO ZEMSKÉHO MUZEA, BRNO
(MK00009486202, DE07P04OMG012)
The Moravian Museum in Brno has a four-year grant to research the so-called family puppet theatre; a database and a digital catalogue of complex Czech professional industrial production of printed theatres and stage sets will be main applied outputs of the grant. This paper is concerned with several prominent, remarkable as well as extravagant pieces of work. It is intended to make some theatres and stage sets „visible“ in the abundant Czech production of the 1st half of the 20th century – excellent, on one hand, and extravagant, on the other.
KEY WORDS: Czech puppet theatre, family puppet theatre, puppetry, amateur theatre, desktop puppet scenes, printed sceneries, puppet collection.
ABSTRACT
HANA KRAFLOVÁ
ODDĚLENÍ DĚJIN LITERATURY MZM
(MK 00009486202)
Bohumil Pištělák (1893–1958) and his Globus enterprise (and affiliated Moravské nakladatelství publishing house) represented production aimed at the broadest audience of readers during the first Czechoslovak Republic and the German occupation – the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. He published magazines, diaries and books of standard quality in term of their content and graphic design mostly aimed at popular readers; his Moravské noviny newspaper was the most widespread newspaper in Moravia in the 1930s. After WW2, the company only operated as a printing house; it was nationalised in 1950; in 1953 it became a part of Brněnské knihtiskárny state-owned copany together with other originally private companies.
KEY WORDS: Brno – 1st half of the 20th century – journalism – publishing house