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'Vančata V, Přívratský V, Hellerová D, Zemek K, 1981: Biological Prerequisites of the Process of Hominization. Anthropologie (Brno) 19, 3: 237-242'. |
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| Abstract | | A complex synthetic approach should be the basis for the analysis of biological prerequisites of hominization. There are not only external (ecological) factors fundamental for the evolutionary process but also internal ones defined by the properties of the given systematic unit. The following four main factors of the hominization process have been established: Bipedal locomotion as a locomotor type, hominid type brain and hand brain complex, material culture, and hominid social organization evolving into that of the human society. These factors have a complex character and their intensity changed in the hominization process. A unique interconnection and synergism of the factors led, along with natural selection, to the origin of modern man. For the existence of the factors certain complexes of biological and biosocial features (protoadaptations) are inevitable which can be even common for different factors. We can consider the following ones to be of a special significance: Tendency to non-specialization, polarization and functional differentiation of the limbs, hand-brain complex, tendency to neoteny, hominid reproduction type, tool-making and tool behaviour, and structuralization of the social organization (food sharing, division of labour, prolonged parental care, home base behaviour). The basic factors can not be understood separatelly and as isolated ones; on the contrary, they have to be taken as strictly complex in permanent interactions with external environmental conditions being influenced by the factors of natural selection. | | |
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