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'Schäfer J, Ranov VA, Sosin PM, 1998: The "Cultural Evolution" of Man and the Chronostratigraphical Background of Change Environments in the Loess Palaeosoil Sequences of Obi-Mazar and Khonako (Tadjikistan). Anthropologie (Brno) 36, 1-2: 121-135'. |
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| Abstract | | South Tadjikistan is an exceptional area for studies of Palaeolithic artifact assemblages against the chronostratigraphical and palaeoclimatic background visible in the Middle and Upper Pleistocene loess sections. The Tadjik loess stratigraphy can be correlated with the oxygen-isotope record, not only on the basis of glacial and interglacial cycles but also on the basis of the climatic differentiation of single interglacials. About 17 archaeological find horizons, situated in interglacial buried soils, in interstadial sediments and in loess were stratified at the outcrops of Obi-Mazar/Lakhuti and Khonako. They span a time range from about 700,000 to 70,000 years. A development in artifact manufacture and in the complexity of site activities is visible. Up to the 5th palaeosoil complex (PC) (ca 500 ky) there were Lower Palaeolithic pebble assemblages. A late Lower or early Middle Palaeolithic industry has been identified in the 4th PC (ca 400 ky). The development of a Middle Palaeolithic blade industry can be seen in the 2nd PC (from about 240 up to 200 ky). This blade industry is overlaid by a Mousterian assemblage of heavy Levallois flakes in the 1st PC (about 100 ky). | | | | Keywords | | Lower Palaeolithic - Middle Palaeolithic - Blade technology - Loess stratigraphy - Chronostratigraphy - Palaeoclimate - Palaeoenvironment - Central Asia | | |
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