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'Cymek L, Krzysiak A, Kopecký M, Roznowski F, 2019: PEOPLE OF THE TIMES OF CIST GRAVES
AND FACE URNS – A STUDY ON SCELETAL
REMAINS EXCAVATED IN 2008–2015
AT MULTICULTURAL CEMETERY
IN CZARNÓWKO (SITE 5), LĘBORK DISTRICT
(POMERANIA, POLAND). Anthropologie (Brno) 57, 2: 127-140'. |
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| Abstract | | The graves from which the skeletal remains were removed date back to the early Iron Age, Hallstatt D,
period and the early pre-Roman period, and were used for the burial of previously cremated bones by people of the
Pomeranian Culture. Skeletal remains were removed from 38 graves: cist graves, cinerary urn graves with stone surrounds,
cinerary urn graves with a stone cist-like surround, one cloche grave, destroyed cinerary urn graves, cavity graves with
cinerary urns and cavity graves. Incinerated human bone remains were probably deposited in 46–48 urns or other vessels
serving this purpose, as well as in a few cavity graves. In this study we explored plain and unornamented urns as well as
face urns, which varied in terms of decorative patterns and representations of human faces. The surface of the vessels was
decorated with stylized twigs of coniferous trees, solar and astral motifs, encircling rims, oblique lines or geometric patterns.
Some urns were also embellished with jewellery. Bones explored from the above-listed graves probably belonged to at
least 58 individuals, including 18 women, 15 men, 2 adults of undefined sex, 7 children and 16 individuals of undefined
age and sex. The age-at-death was probably 30–40 years (mean 33.1 years) for women (n=18), and 36–48 years (mean
42.2 years) for men (n=16). The mean ante-mortem body height calculated based on the diameter of the long bone heads
was 154.35 cm (Pearson's method) or 155–159 cm (method by Strzałko et al. 1973) in women (n=11), and 166.1 cm
(Pearson’s method) or 170–174 cm (Strzałko et al. 1973) in men (n=9). | | | | Keywords | | Face urns – Cist graves –Pomeranian Culture – Cremated bones | | | | DOI | | https://doi.org/10.26720/anthro.18.10.05.1 | | |
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