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'Jankauskas R, 1994: Lithuanian Mesolithic and Neolithic Graves: Data on the Transition from a Foraging to Food-Producing Economy. Anthropologie (Brno) 32, 2: 165-168'. |
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| Abstract | | The process of Neolithization (transition from foraging to food-producing economy) is discussed using Lithuanian archaeological and anthropological data. Local Neolithic Nemunas and Narva cultures show continuation of the Mesolithic tradition and preference for a foraging economy up to the Early Bronze age. Origins of people of these cultures should be searched for in Central Europe. Late Neolithic Corded Ware culture and its bearers also probably arrived from the south and differed craniologically from the indigenous population. During interaction with local cultures and people, the hybrid Pamariu (Baltic Coastal) culture emerged, its subsistence strategies more related to food production and its population occupying a morphologically intermediate position. Paleodemographic data suggest demic expansion from the south, thus confirming archaeological and craniological data. Paleopathological lesions demonstrate high levels of stress. Morphology of postcranial skeleton and estimated somatom etric indices reveal tendencies for gracilization during Neolithic transition, improvement of demographical indexes and leptosomization with the rise of civilization. | | | | Keywords | | Neolithic transition - Eastern Baltic region - Paleodemography - Paleopathology - Somatometry | | |
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